Cruz

The Christian Cross
Pronunciation	Spanish: IPA: [kɾuθ] or [kɾus] Portuguese: IPA: [kɾuʃ]
Language	Spanish, Portuguese.
Origin
Meaning	Cross
Region of origin	Spain, Portugal
Other names
Variant forms	"Vera Cruz", "Santa Cruz", "De la Cruz"

Cruz is primarily a surname, but is also used as a first name mainly in the US and the UK. It is of Iberian origin, first found in Castile,^{[citation needed]} Spain, and later spread throughout the territories of the former Spanish and Portuguese Empires. In Spanish and Portuguese, the word means "cross", either the Christian cross or the figure of transecting lines or ways. For example, in the Philippines, the adopted Tagalog word is rendered to "krus" in plain usage, but the Spanish spelling survives as a surname.

The word "Cruz", as well as "Vera Cruz" ("True Cross") and "Santa Cruz" ("Holy Cross") are used as surnames and toponyms. Its origin as a surname particularly flourished after the Alhambra Decree of 1492 and the increasing activities of the Spanish Inquisition, when New Christian families with Crypto-Jewish, Moorish, and/or mixed religious heritage converted to the state-enforced religion of Catholicism and subsequently fashioned and adopted surnames with unambiguous religious affiliation.

As a first name in the US, Cruz is ranked #303 in 2024 according to social security. It saw a boost in popularity after David Beckham named one of his sons Cruz.