Oliver Hazard Perry
1818 portrait
Born	(1785-08-23)August 23, 1785 South Kingstown, Rhode Island, U.S.
Died	August 23, 1819(1819-08-23) (aged 34) Trinidad
Buried	Island Cemetery, Newport, Rhode Island
Allegiance	United States
Branch	United States Navy
Service years	1799–1819
Rank	Commodore
Commands	USS Nautilus USS Revenge US Naval Forces, Lake Erie USS Lawrence USS Niagara USS Nonsuch USS Java
Conflicts	Quasi-War Haitian Revolution First Barbary War Battle of Derna War of 1812 Battle of Lake Erie Battle of the Thames
Awards	Congressional Gold Medal
Relations	Christopher Perry (father) Matthew Calbraith Perry (brother)

Oliver Hazard Perry (August 23, 1785 – August 23, 1819) was a United States Navy officer from South Kingstown, Rhode Island. A prominent member of the Perry family naval dynasty, he was the son of Sarah Wallace Alexander and Captain Christopher Raymond Perry, and older brother of Commodore Matthew C. Perry.

Perry served in the West Indies during the Quasi War of 1798–1800 against France, in the Mediterranean during the Barbary Wars of 1801–1815, and in the Caribbean fighting piracy and the slave trade, but is most noted for his role in the War of 1812 during the 1813 Battle of Lake Erie.^[1] During the war against Britain, Perry supervised the building of a fleet at Erie, Pennsylvania. He earned the title "Hero of Lake Erie" for leading American forces in a decisive naval victory at the Battle of Lake Erie, receiving a Congressional Gold Medal and the Thanks of Congress.^[2][3]

His leadership materially aided the successful outcomes of all nine Lake Erie military campaign victories, and the victory was a turning point in the battle for the west in the war.^[3] He is remembered for the words on his battle flag, "DONT [sic] GIVE UP THE SHIP", which was a tribute to the dying command of his colleague Captain James Lawrence of USS Chesapeake. He is also known for his message to General William Henry Harrison, which reads in part, "We have met the enemy and they are ours."

Perry became embroiled in a long-standing and bitter controversy with the commander of USS Niagara, Captain Jesse Elliott, over their conduct in the Battle of Lake Erie, and both were the subject of official charges. In 1815, he successfully commanded Java in the Mediterranean during the Second Barbary War. So seminal was his career that he was lionized in the press (being the subject of scores of books and articles).^[4] He has been frequently memorialized, and many places, ships and persons have been named in his honor.